U-EV wenze izinyathelo ezinkulu ebangeni eminyakeni yamuva. Kusuka ku-2017 kuya ku-2022 Ubanga lokuya olwakhokhiswa ngokuphelele lisho ukuvumela amandla ukuthi alahle kusuka ku-100% abe ngu-0%, kepha ngokuvamile akholelwa ukuthi ukusebenzisa ibhethri lamandla emkhawulweni akukuhle.
Malini imali engcono kakhulu ye-EV? Ngabe ukushaja okugcwele kuzolimaza ibhethri? Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukudonsa ngokuphelele ibhethri elibi ngebhethri? Yini indlela engcono kakhulu yokukhokhisa ibhethri lemoto kagesi?
1. Akunconyelwe ukukhokhisa ngokugcwele ibhethri lamandla
Amabhethri emoto kagesi ngokuvamile asebenzisa amaseli we-lithium-ion. Njengamanye amadivaysi asebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium, njengezingcingo eziphathwayo nama-laptops, ukushaja ku-100% kungashiya ibhethri esimweni esingazinzile, esingathinta kabi i-soc (isimo sokukhokhisa) noma sibangele ukwehluleka okuyinhlekelele. Lapho ibhethri lamandla ebhodi likhokhiswa ngokuphelele futhi likhishwe, ama-lithium ion awakwazi ukushumeka futhi aqongelele ethekwini lokushaja ukuze akha ama-dendrites. Le nto ingabhoboza kalula i-kagesi i-electromagnetic diaphragm futhi yakha umjikelezo omfushane, ozokwenza imoto ibe yinzuzo ngokuzenzakalela. Ngenhlanhla, ukwehluleka okuyinhlekelele akuvamile kakhulu, kepha kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kuholele ekunciphiseni kwebhethri. Lapho i-lithium ion ingena emidlalweni eseceleni ku-electrolyte ibangela ukulahleka kwe-lithium, bayaphuma emjikelezweni wokukhipha. Lokhu kuvame ngenxa yamazinga okushisa aphezulu akhiqizwe amandla agcinwe lapho akhokhiswa amandla amakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukugcwala ngokweqile kuzodala ushintsho olungaguquki ekwakhekeni kwe-elektrode esebenzayo yebhethri kanye nokubola kwe-electrolyte, kunciphise impilo yenkonzo yebhethri. Ukushaja ngezikhathi ezithile kwemoto kagesi kuya ku-100% akunakwenzeka ukubangela izinkinga ezibonakalayo ezisheshayo, njengoba izimo ezikhethekile zingakwazi ukugwema ukushaja imoto ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, uma ibhethri lemoto likhokhiswa ngokuphelele isikhathi eside futhi kaningi, kuzovela izinkinga.
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Abanye abenzi bezimoto baye baklama abavikeli be-buffer ukuthola ukushaja kwe-eV ukuze balondoloze i-soc enempilo isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu kusho ukuthi lapho ideshibhodi yemoto ikhombisa inkokhiso eyi-100, empeleni ayifinyeleli umkhawulo ongathinta impilo yebhethri. Lokhu kusethwa, noma i-cushioning, kunciphisa ukucekelwa phansi kwebhethri, futhi iningi lezezimoto lize libheke kulo mklamo ukuze ugcine imoto ngesimo esihle kakhulu.
3. Gwema ukukhululwa ngokweqile
Ngokuvamile, ukukhishwa kwebhethri ngaphandle kwe-50% yamandla awo kuzonciphisa inani elilindelekile lemijikelezo yebhethri. Isibonelo, ukushaja ibhethri ku-100% futhi ukususa ngaphansi kwama-50% kuzonciphisa impilo yawo, futhi kusheshise ku-80% futhi kukhiphe ngaphansi kwe-30% nakho kuzonciphisa impilo yaso. Kungakanani ukujula kokukhipha dod (ukujula kokukhululwa) kuthinta impilo yebhethri? Ibhethri elibhalwe ngebhathini liye ku-50% DOD lizoba nezikhathi eziphindwe ka-4 kunebhethri elihamba ngebhathini elingena nge-100% DOD. Njengoba amabhethri we-EV acishe adedelwa ngokuphelele - ngokubheka ukuvikelwa kokuphazamisa, empeleni umphumela wokukhishwa okujulile kungaba ngaphansi, kepha kusabalulekile.
4. Ungakhokhisa Kanjani Izimoto Zogesi Nokuphila Kwebhethri
1) Nakisisa isikhathi sokushaja, kunconywa ukusebenzisa ukushaja kancane izindlela zokushaja kwezimoto ezintsha ze-Energy Vehicles zihlukaniswe ukushaja okusheshayo nokushaja kancane. Ukushaja kancane ngokuvamile kuthatha amahora angama-8 kuye kwayi-10, ngenkathi ukushaja okusheshayo kuthatha isigamu sehora ukushaja ama-80% amandla, futhi kungakhokhiswa ngokugcwele emahoreni ama-2. Kodwa-ke, ukushaja okusheshayo kuzosebenzisa amanje amanje namandla, okuzoba nomthelela omkhulu ephaketheni lebhethri. Uma ukushaja ngokushesha okukhulu, kuzokwenza futhi amandla abonakalayo ebhethri, azonciphisa impilo yebhethri likagesi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngakho-ke kusengukukhetha kokuqala lapho isikhathi sivuma lapho isikhathi sivuma. Indlela yokushaja kancane. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi isikhathi sokushaja akufanele sibe yinde kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzokwenza ukubanda ngokweqile bese kubangela ukuthi ibhethri lemoto lishise.
2) Nakisisa amandla lapho ushayela futhi ugweme ukucushwa okujulile kwezimoto ezintsha zamandla kuzokukhumbuza ukuthi ungakhokhisa ngokushesha lapho amandla asele angama-20% kuya ku-30%. Uma uqhubeka nokushayela ngalesi sikhathi, ibhethri lizokhishwa ngokujulile, okuzonciphisa nokuphila kwebhethri. Ngakho-ke, lapho amandla asele ebhethri aphansi, kufanele akhokhiswe ngesikhathi.
3) Lapho ugcina isikhathi eside, ungavumeli ibhethri liphelelwe amandla uma imoto ipakwe isikhathi eside, qiniseka ukuthi ungavumeli ibhethri lilahlekelwe amandla. Ibhethri lithambekele ku-sulfation esimweni sokulahleka kwamandla, kanye namakristalu e-sulfate sulfate anamathela epuletini, elizovimba isiteshi se-ion, kubangele ukushaja okunganele, futhi kunciphise umthamo webhethri. Ngakho-ke, izimoto ezintsha zamandla kufanele zikhokhiswe ngokugcwele lapho zipakwe isikhathi eside. Kunconywa ukubakhokhisa njalo ukugcina ibhethri lisesimweni esinempilo.
Isikhathi Sokuthumela: APR-12-2023