Ukukhathazeka kanye Nesidingo Semakethe Sokushaja Emvuleni
Ngokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwezimoto zikagesi eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika,ukushaja ev emvuleniisibe yisihloko esishisayo phakathi kwabasebenzisi nabasebenzisi. Abashayeli abaningi bayazibuza, "ungakwazi ukushaja i-ev emvuleni?" noma "kuphephile yini ukushaja ev emvuleni?" Le mibuzo ayithinti kuphela ukuphepha komsebenzisi wokugcina kodwa futhi nekhwalithi yesevisi nokwethenjwa komkhiqizo. Sizosebenzisa idatha egunyaziwe evela ezimakethe zaseNtshonalanga ukuze sihlaziye ukuphepha, izindinganiso zobuchwepheshe, nezeluleko zokusebenza zokushajwa kwe-EV yezulu lemvula, enikeza isiqondiso esisebenzayo kubaqhubi beziteshi zokushaja, amahhotela, nokuningi.
1. Ukuphepha Kokushaja Emvuleni: Ukuhlaziywa Okugunyaziwe
Amasistimu wokushaja wezimoto zikagesi zesimanje aklanywe ngobunono ukuze abhekane nezinkinga zokuphepha zikagesi ngaphansi kwesimo sezulu esibi nezimo zemvelo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ikakhulukazi ezimweni zemvula noma ezinomswakama ophezulu. Okokuqala, zonke iziteshi zokushaja ze-EV zomphakathi nezindawo zokuhlala ezithengiswa ezimakethe zaseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika kufanele ziphase izitifiketi ezaziwa emhlabeni wonke njenge-IEC 61851 (izindinganiso ze-International Electrotechnical Commission yezinhlelo zokushaja eziqhutshwayo) kanye ne-UL 2202 (izindinganiso ze-Underwriters Laboratories zezinhlelo zokushaja e-US). Lawa mazinga abeka izidingo eziqinile ekusebenzeni kwe-insulation, ukuvikela ukuvuza, amasistimu aphansi, kanye nezilinganiso zokuvikela ukungena (IP).
Ukuthatha isivikelo sokungena (IP) njengesibonelo, iziteshi zokushaja ezijwayelekile ngokuvamile zithola okungenani i-IP54, ngamamodeli athile asezingeni eliphezulu afinyelela ku-IP66. Lokhu kusho ukuthi impahla yokushaja ayimelani kuphela nokuchaphazeka kwamanzi kusuka kunoma iyiphi indlela kodwa futhi ingamelana namajethi amanzi aqinile aqhubekayo. Izixhumi phakathi kwesibhamu esishajayo nemoto zisebenzisa izakhiwo zokuvala ezendlalelo eziningi, futhi amandla anqanyulwa ngokuzenzekelayo ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwe-plug-in nokukhipha, okuqinisekisa ukuthi akukho okwamanje okunikezwayo kuze kutholakale uxhumano oluvikelekile. Lo mklamo uvimbela ngempumelelo amasekhethi amafushane kanye nezingozi zokushaqeka kukagesi.
Ukwengeza, imithetho yase-Europe naseNyakatho Melika idinga ukuthi zonke iziteshi zokushaja zihlonyiswe ngamadivayisi amanje asele (RCDs/GFCIs). Uma ngisho nokuvuza okuncane kwamanje (ngokuvamile okunomkhawulo wamamilimitha angu-30) kutholwa, isistimu izonqamula ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla ngaphakathi kwama-milliseconds, ivimbele ukulimala komuntu siqu. Ngesikhathi sokushaja, ucingo lomshayeli wokulawula kanye nezivumelwano zokuxhumana zihlala ziqapha isimo sokuxhuma kanye nemingcele yemvelo. Uma kutholwa noma yikuphi okudidayo—njengokungena kwamanzi kusixhumi noma izinga lokushisa elingavamile—ukushaja kuyamiswa ngokushesha.
Amalabhorethri amaningi ezinkampani zangaphandle (njenge-TÜV, CSA, ne-Intertek) enze izivivinyo eziteshini zokushaja ezithobelanayo ngaphansi kwezimo zemvula ezinamandla nezimo zokucwiliswa. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi ukwahlukanisa kwabo kumelana ne-voltage, ukuvikelwa kokuvuza, kanye nemisebenzi yokucisha ugesi okuzenzakalelayo konke kungaqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukuphepha kwabantu kokubili nezinto zokusebenza ezindaweni ezinemvula.
Kafushane, ngenxa yedizayini eqinile yobunjiniyela bakagesi, ukuvikelwa kwezinto ezithuthukisiwe, ukutholwa okuzenzakalelayo, nesitifiketi esijwayelekile samazwe ngamazwe, ukushaja izimoto zikagesi emvuleni kuphephe kakhulu ezindaweni ezithobelayo e-Europe naseNyakatho Melika. Inqobo nje uma abaqhubi beqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwemishini evamile futhi abasebenzisi belandela izinqubo ezifanele, izinsizakalo zokushaja zesimo sezulu sonke zingasekelwa ngokuzethemba.
2. Ukuqhathaniswa kokushaja ama-EVs ku-Rainy vs. Dry Weather
1. Isingeniso: Kungani Uqhathanisa Ukushaja kwe-EV esimweni sezulu esinemvula nesisomile?
Ngokusabalala komhlaba wonke kwezimoto zikagesi, bobabili abasebenzisi kanye nabaqhubi baya ngokuya bagxila ekushajeni ukuphepha. Ikakhulukazi ezifundeni ezifana neYurophu neNyakatho Melika, lapho isimo sezulu sishintshashintsha, ukuphepha kokushaja emvuleni sekuyinkinga enkulu kubo bobabili abasebenzisi bokugcina. Abasebenzisi abaningi bakhathazeka ngokuthi "ukushaja i-EV emvuleni" kuphephile yini ngesikhathi sezulu esingesihle, futhi opharetha badinga ukunikeza izimpendulo ezigunyaziwe neziqinisekiso zochwepheshe kumakhasimende abo. Ngakho-ke, ukuqhathanisa ngokuhlelekile ukushaja kwe-EV ezimeni zemvula nezimo ezomile akusizi nje kuphela ukuqeda ukungabaza komsebenzisi kodwa futhi kunikeza opharetha isisekelo sethiyori kanye nereferensi engokoqobo yokuthuthukisa amazinga esevisi nokuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kokusebenza.
2. Ukuqhathanisa Ukuphepha
2.1 I-Electrical Insulation and Protection Level
Esimeni sezulu esomile, ubungozi obuyinhloko obubhekene nezinto zokushaja ze-EV izinto ezingcolisa umzimba ezifana nothuli nezinhlayiya, ezidinga izinga elithile lokufakwa kukagesi kanye nokuhlanzeka kwesixhumi. Ezimweni zemvula, izinto zokusebenza kufanele futhi zibambe ukungena kwamanzi, umswakama ophezulu, nokushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Amazinga aseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika adinga ukuthi zonke izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokushaja zifinyelele okungenani ukuvikeleka kwe-IP54, ngamamodeli athile asezingeni eliphezulu afinyelela ku-IP66 noma ngaphezulu, aqinisekise ukuthi izingxenye zikagesi zangaphakathi zihlala zodwa ngokuphephile endaweni yangaphandle, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lina noma libalele.
2.2 Ukuvikelwa Kokuvuza kanye Nokucisha Okuzenzakalelayo
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi libalele noma liyana, iziteshi zokushaja ezithobelayo zifakwe amadivayisi amanje ayinsalela azwela kakhulu (ama-RCD). Uma kutholwa ukuvuza okungavamile kwamanje, isistimu izonqamula ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla ngaphakathi kwama-millisecond ukuvimbela ukushaqeka kukagesi noma ukulimala kwemishini. Ezindaweni ezinezimvula, kuyilapho umswakama okhulayo womoya ungase unciphise kancane ukumelana nokufakwa kwe-insulation, inqobo nje uma okokusebenza kuvumelana futhi kugcinwe kahle, indlela yokuvikela ukuvuza isaqinisekisa ngempumelelo ukuphepha.
2.3 Ukuphepha Kwesixhumi
Izibhamu zokushaja zesimanje nezixhumi zezimoto zisebenzisa izindandatho zokuvala izingqimba eziningi kanye nezakhiwo ezingangeni manzi. Amandla anqanyulwa ngokuzenzakalelayo phakathi ne-plug-in kanye nokukhipha i-plug, futhi kuphela ngemva kokuba uxhumano oluvikelekile futhi uhlelo lokuzihlola luqediwe luzohlinzekwa njengamanje. Lo mklamo uvimbela ngempumelelo amasekhethi amafushane, ama-arcing, kanye nezingozi zokushaqeka kukagesi kukho kokubili imvula nesomiso sezulu.
2.4 Izinga Langempela Lesigameko
Ngokusho kwemithombo egunyaziwe efana ne-Statista kanye ne-DOE, ngo-2024, izinga lezehlakalo zokuphepha zikagesi ezibangelwa "i-EV ukushaja emvuleni" eYurophu naseNyakatho Melika empeleni lalifana nesimo sezulu esomile, kokubili ngaphansi kuka-0.01%. Izehlakalo eziningi zidalwe ukuguga kwemishini, ukusebenza okungajwayelekile, noma isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, kuyilapho ukusebenza ngokuhambisana nezimo zemvula azikho nhlobo izingozi zokuphepha.
3. Izisetshenziswa kanye nokusebenza kanye nokuqhathanisa nokulungisa
3.1 Izinto zokwakha kanye nesakhiwo
Esimo sezulu esomile, imishini ihlolwa ikakhulukazi ukumelana nokushisa, ukumelana ne-UV, nokuvikela uthuli. Ezimweni zemvula, ukuvimbela amanzi, ukumelana nokugqwala, nokusebenza kokuvala uphawu kubaluleke kakhulu. Iziteshi zokushaja ezisezingeni eliphezulu zisebenzisa izinto ezithuthukisiwe ze-polymer insulation kanye nezakhiwo zokuvala izingqimba eziningi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside kuzo zonke izimo zezulu.
3.2 Ukuphathwa Nokuphathwa Kwezokusebenza
Esimeni sezulu esomile, ama-opharetha agxila kakhulu ekuhlanzeni isixhumi kanye nokususwa kothuli olungaphezulu njengokunakekelwa okujwayelekile. Esimeni sezulu esinemvula, imvamisa yokuhlolwa kwezimpawu, izendlalelo zokufakelwa, kanye nokusebenza kwe-RCD kufanele kwandiswe ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuguga nokonakala kokusebenza ngenxa yomswakama omude. Amasistimu okuqapha ahlakaniphile angakwazi ukulandelela isimo semishini ngesikhathi sangempela, akhiphe izexwayiso ezifika ngesikhathi ngokudidayo, futhi athuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokulungisa.
3.3 Indawo Yokufaka
Amazwe aseYurophu naseNyakatho Melika anemithetho eqinile mayelana nezindawo zokufakwa kwesiteshi sokushaja. Esimweni sezulu esomile, ukuphakama kokufakwa kanye nokukhipha umoya kuyizinto ezibalulekile zokucatshangelwa. Uma lina, isisekelo sesiteshi sokushaja kufanele siphakanyiswe ngaphezu komhlabathi ukuze kugwenywe ukunqwabelana kwamanzi futhi kufakwe izinhlelo zokudonsa amanzi ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugeleza emuva.
4. Ukuziphatha komsebenzisi kanye Nokuqhathaniswa Kokuhlangenwe nakho
4.1 IPsychology yomsebenzisi
Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi ngaphezu kuka-60% wabasebenzisi abasha be-EV bahlangabezana nemingcele yengqondo lapho beshaja okokuqala ngqa emvuleni, bekhathazeka ngokuthi “ungakwazi yini ukushaja i-EV emvuleni” kuphephile. Esimo sezulu esomile, ukukhathazeka okunjalo akuvamile. Abasebenzisi bangasusa ngempumelelo lokhu kungabaza futhi bathuthukise ukwaneliseka kwamakhasimende ngemfundo yomsebenzisi, isiqondiso esisesayithi, kanye nokwethulwa kwedatha egunyaziwe.
4.2 Ukushaja Ngempumelelo
Idatha yobufakazi ibonisa ukuthi empeleni awukho umehluko ekusebenzeni kahle kokushaja phakathi kwezulu lezulu nelomile. Iziteshi zokushaja zekhwalithi ephezulu zifaka isinxephezelo sezinga lokushisa nemisebenzi yokulungisa ehlakaniphile, ukuzivumelanisa ngokuzenzakalela nezinguquko zemvelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe isivinini sokushaja nempilo yebhethri.
4.3 Izinsizakalo Zokwengeza Inani
Abanye o-opharetha banikeza amaphuzu okwethembeka “e-EV yokushaja kwesimo sezulu esimanzi”, indawo yokupaka yamahhala, nezinye izinsizakalo ezingeziwe ngesikhathi sezulu sezulu ukuze kukhuliswe ukunamathela kwamakhasimende nokuthuthukisa isithunzi somkhiqizo.
5. Ukuqhathanisa Inqubomgomo kanye Nokuhambisana
5.1 Amazinga Omhlaba
Ngaphandle kwesimo sezulu, okokusebenza kokushaja kufanele kuphumelele izitifiketi zamazwe ngamazwe njenge-IEC ne-UL. Ezindaweni ezinemvula, ezinye izifunda zidinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kokuvikela amanzi nokugqwala, kanye nokuhlolwa okuvamile okuvela eceleni.
5.2 Izidingo Zokulawula
Amazwe ase-Europe naseNyakatho Melika anemithetho eqinile mayelana nokukhethwa kwesayithi, ukufakwa, nokusebenza nokugcinwa kweziteshi zokushaja. Ama-opharetha kudingeka ukuba asungule izinhlelo eziphelele zezimo eziphuthumayo kanye nezindlela zokwazisa abasebenzisi ukuze baqinisekise ukusebenza okuphephile ngaphansi kwezimo zezulu ezimbi kakhulu.
6. Amathrendi Esikhathi esizayo kanye Nokuqanjwa Kwezobuchwepheshe
Ngokusetshenziswa kwe-AI, idatha enkulu, kanye ne-inthanethi Yezinto (IoT), iziteshi zokushaja zesikhathi esizayo zizofinyelela sonke isimo sezulu, ukusebenza kobuhlakani besimo sonke. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi liyana noma lomile, okokusebenza kuzokwazi ukubona ngokuzenzakalelayo izinguquko zemvelo, ukulungisa amapharamitha wokushaja ngobuhlakani, futhi kunikeze izexwayiso zesikhathi sangempela zezingozi zokuphepha ezingaba khona. Imboni iqhubekela phambili kancane kancane ibheke emgomweni “wokuthi izingozi ezingapheli kanye nokukhathazeka okuyize,” isekela ukuhamba okuzinzile.
7. Isiphetho
Sekukonke, ngokusebenza okuthobelayo nokugcinwa okufanele kwemishini, ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle kokushajwa kwe-EV esimweni sezulu esinemvula nesomiso kuyafana. Abasebenzisi badinga kuphela ukuqinisa imfundo yabasebenzisi futhi balinganise izinqubo zokulungisa ukuze banikeze izinsizakalo zokushaja eziphephile kuzo zonke izimo zezulu nazo zonke izimo. Njengoba amazinga emboni kanye nobuchwepheshe buqhubeka nokuthuthuka, ukushaja emvuleni kuzoba yisimo esijwayelekile sokuhamba kukagesi, okulethe amathuba abanzi ezimakethe kanye nenani lebhizinisi kumakhasimende.
| Isici | Iyashaja lina | Ukushaja esimweni sezulu esomile |
|---|---|---|
| Izinga Lengozi | Okuphansi kakhulu (<0.01%), ikakhulukazi ngenxa yemishini yokuguga noma isimo sezulu esibi kakhulu; amadivayisi athobelayo aphephile | Iphansi kakhulu (<0.01%), amadivayisi athobelayo aphephile |
| Izinga Lokuvikela | IP54+, amanye amamodeli asezingeni eliphezulu IP66, angangeni manzi futhi angangeni kuthuli | IP54+, ukuvikela uthuli nento yangaphandle |
| Ukuvuza Ukuvikelwa | I-High-sensitivity RCD, i-30mA threshold, inqamula amandla ngo-20-40ms | Ngokufanayo nakwesokunxele |
| Ukuphepha Kwesixhumi | Ukuvalwa kwezendlalelo eziningi, ukucisha okuzenzakalelayo phakathi ne-plug/unplug, vula amandla ngemva kokuzihlola | Ngokufanayo nakwesokunxele |
| Izinto zokwakha kanye nesakhiwo | I-polymer insulation, i-multi-layer engangenwa amanzi, imelana nokugqwala | Ukufakwa kwe-polymer, ukushisa nokumelana ne-UV |
| Ukuphathwa kwe-O&M | Gxila ku-seal, ukwahlukanisa, amasheke e-RCD, ukugcinwa kobufakazi bomswakama | Ukuhlanza okujwayelekile, ukususwa kothuli, ukuhlolwa kwesixhumi |
| Indawo Yokufaka | Isisekelo ngaphezu komhlabathi, i-drainage enhle, ivimbela ukunqwabelana kwamanzi | Ukungena komoya, ukuvimbela uthuli |
| Ukukhathazeka komsebenzisi | Ukukhathazeka okuphezulu kwabasebenzisi bokuqala, isidingo semfundo | Ukukhathazeka okuphansi |
| Ukushaja Ngempumelelo | Awukho umehluko obalulekile, isinxephezelo esihlakaniphile | Awukho umehluko obalulekile |
| Amasevisi Angeziwe Amanani | Amaphromoshini osuku lwemvula, amaphuzu okwethembeka, indawo yokupaka yamahhala, njll. | Amasevisi avamile |
| Ukuhambisana Namazinga | Isitifiketi se-IEC/UL, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe okungangeni manzi, ukuhlolwa okuvamile okuvela eceleni | I-IEC/UL eqinisekisiwe, ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile |
| Ikusasa Trend | Ukuqashelwa kwendawo ehlakaniphile, ukulungiswa kwepharamitha ezenzakalelayo, ukushaja okuphephile kwesimo sezulu sonke | Ukuthuthukiswa okuhlakaniphile, ukusebenza kahle okuthuthukisiwe nolwazi |
3. Kungani Kufanele Kuthuthukiswe Ivelu Yezinkonzo Zokushaja Isimo Sezulu? - Izinyathelo ezinemininingwane kanye nezincomo zokusebenza
Ezifundeni ezifana neYurophu neNyakatho Melika, lapho isimo sezulu sishintshashintsha futhi imvula ivame ukuna, ukuthuthukisa inani lesimo sezulu semvula amasevisi wokushaja i-EV akukhona nje okuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi kodwa futhi kunomthelela ngokuqondile ukuncintisana kwemakethe nesithunzi somkhiqizo weziteshi zokushaja nabahlinzeki besevisi abahlobene. Izinsuku ezinemvula ziyizimo ezivamile zabanikazi be-EV abaningi abangazisebenzisa futhi bashaje izimoto zabo. Uma ama-opharetha angahlinzeka ngomuzwa wokushaja ophephile, okahle, nohlakaniphile ezimeni ezinjalo, kuzokhuphula kakhulu ukunamathela komsebenzisi, kukhuphule amanani okuthenga okuphindayo, futhi kuhehe amakhasimende aphezulu nawezinkampani ukuthi akhethe amasevisi awo.
Okokuqala, ama-opharetha kufanele enze ukukhangisa okusekelwe kwisayensi ngokusebenzisa imigudu eminingi ukuze asuse ukungabaza kwabasebenzisi mayelana nokuphepha kokushaja emvuleni. Amazinga okuphepha agunyaziwe, imibiko yokuhlolwa kochwepheshe, nezimo zomhlaba wangempela zingashicilelwa eziteshini zokushaja, izinhlelo zokusebenza, namawebhusayithi asemthethweni ukuze kubhekwane nemibuzo ehlobene "nokushaja i-EV emvuleni." Ngokusebenzisa imibukiso yevidiyo kanye nezincazelo ezikusayithi, ukuqonda kwabasebenzisi izilinganiso zokuvikela okokusebenza kanye nezindlela zokuvala amandla okuzenzakalelayo kungathuthukiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ukwethenjwa.
2.Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezisetshenziswa kanye Nokusebenza Okukhaliphile Nokugcinwa
Ezindaweni ezinemvula, kunconywa ukuthuthukisa amandla angangeni manzi nawokunqanda ukugqwala eziteshini zokushaja, ukhethe amadivayisi anezilinganiso zokuvikela okuphezulu (njenge-IP65 nangaphezulu), futhi njalo ube nezinhlangano zezinkampani zangaphandle eziqhuba ukuhlolwa kokusebenza okungangenwa amanzi. Ngasohlangothini lokusebenza nokunakekela, amasistimu okuqapha ahlakaniphile kufanele asetshenziswe ukuze kuqoqwe idatha ebalulekile efana nezinga lokushisa lesikhombimsebenzisi, umswakama, nokuvuza kwamanje ngesikhathi sangempela, kukhishwe izexwayiso ezisheshayo nokunqanyulwa kwamandla ukude uma kutholwa okudidayo. Ezifundeni ezinemvula evamisile, imvamisa yokuhlolwa kwezivalo nezingqimba zokuvikela kufanele kwandiswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesikhathi eside.
Amasevisi akhethekile angezwe ngenani anganikezwa ngezinsuku zemvula, njengemalimboleko yamahhala yezambulela, izindawo zokwethembeka, izindawo zokuphumula zesikhashana, neziphuzo ezishisayo zabasebenzisi abashaja imvula, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe okwenziwayo ngesikhathi sezulu esingesihle. Ukusebenzisana kwemboni ehlukahlukene namahhotela, izinxanxathela zezitolo, nabanye ozakwethu kungase futhi kunikeze abasebenzisi izaphulelo zokupaka zosuku lwemvula, amaphakheji okushaja, nezinye izinzuzo ezihlanganyelwe, ukudala isevisi engenazihibe, evaliwe.
4.Ukuthuthukiswa Kokusebenza Okuqhutshwa Yidatha
Ngokuqoqa nokuhlaziya idatha yokuziphatha komsebenzisi ngezikhathi zokushaja kwemvula, opharetha bangakwazi ukuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwesayithi, ukuthunyelwa kwezinto zokusebenza, nokuhlelwa kokulungisa. Isibonelo, ukulungisa ukwabiwa kwamandla ngezikhathi eziphakeme kakhulu ngokusekelwe kudatha yomlando kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle okuphelele nokwaneliseka komsebenzisi ekushajeni kwesimo sezulu semvula.
4. Amathrendi embonini kanye ne-Future Outlook
Njengoba ukwamukelwa kwe-EV kukhula futhi nokuqwashisa ngabasebenzisi kuyathuthuka, "ingabe kuphephile ukushaja ev emvuleni" kuzoba nokukhathazeka okuncane. I-Europe kanye neNyakatho Melika bathuthukela ekuthuthukisweni okuhlakaniphile, okujwayelekile kwengqalasizinda yokushaja. Ngokusebenzisa i-AI nedatha enkulu, opharetha banganikeza isimo sezulu sonke, ukushaja okuphephile kwesimo sonke. Ukuphepha kokushaja kwesimo sezulu esinemvula kuzoba indinganiso yemboni, esekela ukukhula kwebhizinisi okuzinzile.
5. Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
1.ingabe kuphephile ukushaja ev emvuleni?
IMPENDULO: Inqobo nje uma impahla yokushaja ihlangabezana nezindinganiso zamazwe ngamazwe zokuphepha futhi isetshenziswa ngendlela efanele, ukushaja emvuleni kuphephile. Idatha evela kuziphathimandla zaseNtshonalanga ikhombisa izinga lezingozi liphansi kakhulu.
2.Yini okufanele ngiyinake lapho ungashaja khona i-ev emvuleni?
A: Sebenzisa amashaja aqinisekisiwe, gwema ukushaja esimweni sezulu esibi kakhulu, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izixhumi azinawo amanzi amile.3.Ingabe ukushaja i-ev emvuleni kuyasithinta isivinini sokushaja?
3.A: Cha. Ukusebenza kahle kokushaja ngokuyisisekelo kuyefana emvuleni noma lapho libalele, njengoba idizayini engangeni manzi iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile.
4.Njenge-opharetha, ngingakuthuthukisa kanjani ukushaja ekwazisweni kwamakhasimende emvula?
IMP: Qinisa imfundo yabasebenzisi, hlola njalo okokusebenza, uhlinzeke ngokuqapha okukhaliphile, futhi unikeze ngamasevisi anenani elingeziwe.
5.Uma ngihlangabezana nezinkinga ngingayishaja nini i-ev yami emvuleni, yini okufanele ngiyenze?
IMP: Uma ubona izinkinga zemishini noma amanzi kusixhumi, yeka ukushaja ngokushesha futhi uthinte ochwepheshe ukuze bahlolwe.
Imithombo Egunyaziwe
- Izibalo:https://www.statista.com/topics/4133/electric-vehicles-in-the-us/
- Umnyango Wezamandla wase-US (DOE):https://afdc.energy.gov/fuels/electricity_locations.html
- I-European Automobile Manufacturers Association (ACEA):https://www.acea.auto/
- I-National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL):https://www.nrel.gov/transportation/electric-vehicle-charging.html
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-18-2025