Njengoba amazinga okushisa ehlobo eqhubeka nokukhuphuka, abanikazi bezimoto zikagesi bangase baqale ukugxila endabeni ebalulekile:Izinyathelo zokuqapha zokushaja i-EV esimweni sezulu esishisayo. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu akuthinti nje kuphela ukunethezeka kwethu kodwa futhi afaka izinselele ekusebenzeni kwebhethri le-EV nokuphepha kokushaja. Ukuqonda indlela yokushaja kahle imoto yakho kagesi esimweni sezulu esishisayo kubalulekile ukuze uvikele impilo yebhethri lemoto yakho, unwebe ubude bayo bempilo, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle kokushaja. Lesi sihloko sizodingida umthelela wamazinga okushisa aphezulu ezimotweni zikagesi futhi sikunikeze uchungechunge lwezenzo ezinhle ezisebenzayo nezeluleko zochwepheshe zokushaja kwasehlobo, okukusiza ukuthi uzulazule ehlobo elishisayo ngokuthula kwengqondo.
Amazinga Okushisa Aphezulu Awathinta Kanjani Amabhethri E-EV Nokushaja Ngempumelelo?
Umnyombo wemoto kagesi iphakethe layo lebhethri le-lithium-ion. Lawa mabhethri asebenza kahle kakhulu phakathi kwebanga elithile lokushisa, ngokuvamile eliphakathi kuka-20∘C no-25∘C. Uma izinga lokushisa le-ambient likhuphuka, ikakhulukazi ngaphezu kuka-35∘C, ukusabela kwe-electrochemical ngaphakathi kwebhethri kuthinteka kakhulu, okubuye kube nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwayo, ubude bempilo, nenqubo yokushaja.
Okokuqala, amazinga okushisa aphezulu asheshisa inqubo yokuwohloka kwamakhemikhali ngaphakathi kwebhethri. Lokhu kungaholela ekwehliseni unomphela umthamo webhethri, okwaziwa ngokujwayelekile njengokuwohloka kwebhethri. Ukuchayeka isikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu ngesikhathi sokushaja kungabangela ukuthi i-electrolyte engaphakathi kwebhethri ibole, yenze isendlalelo se-passivation esivimbela ukugeleza kwama-ion e-lithium, ngaleyo ndlela kwehlise umthamo osebenzisekayo webhethri namandla aphumayo.
Okwesibili, amazinga okushisa aphezulu nawo andisa ukumelana nebhethri kwangaphakathi. Ukwenyuka kokumelana kwangaphakathi kusho ukuthi ibhethri ikhiqiza ukushisa okwengeziwe ngesikhathi ishaja noma ishajwa. Lokhu kudala umjikelezo ononya: izinga lokushisa eliphezulu le-ambient liholela ekwenyukeni kwezinga lokushisa kwebhethri, okwandisa ukumelana kwangaphakathi nokukhiqizwa kokushisa, ekugcineni okungase kubangele ibhethri.Uhlelo Lokuphatha Ibhethri (BMS)indlela yokuvikela.
II-BMS'ingqondo' yebhethri ye-EV, enesibopho sokuqapha amandla kagesi ebhethri, yamanje, kanye nezinga lokushisa. Lapho i-I-BMSithola ukuthi izinga lokushisa lebhethri liphezulu kakhulu, ukuze kuvikelwe ibhethri emonakalweni, izonciphisa ngokusebenzayo amandla okushaja, okuholela ekushajeni kwesivinini esinganensa. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, i-I-BMSingase ime kancane ukushaja kuze kube yilapho izinga lokushisa lebhethri lehlela ebangeni eliphephile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ehlobo elishisayo, ungathola ukuthi ukushaja kuthatha isikhathi eside kunokuvamile, noma isivinini sokushaja asihlangabezani nokulindelwe.
Ithebula elingezansi liqhathanisa kafushane ukusebenza kwebhethri kumazinga okushisa afanelekile namazinga okushisa aphezulu:
| Isici | I-Ideal Temperature (20∘C−25∘C) | Izinga lokushisa eliphezulu (>35∘C) |
| Amandla ebhethri | Ukuwohloka okuzinzile, okuhamba kancane | Ukuwohloka okusheshisiwe, ukuncishiswa kwamandla |
| Ukumelana Kwangaphakathi | Phansi | Kuyanda, ukushisa okwengeziwe okukhiqizwa |
| Isivinini sokushaja | Okujwayelekile, okusebenzayo | I-BMSimikhawulo, ukushaja kuyahamba kancane noma kuyaphumula |
| Ukuphila Kwebhethri | Mude | Kufushanisiwe |
| Ukuguqulwa Kwamandla Ngempumelelo | Phezulu | Yehlisiwe ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ukushisa" |
Imikhuba Engcono Kakhulu Yokushaja kwe-EV Ehlobo
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imoto yakho kagesi ishaja ngokuphephile nangempumelelo ngisho nalapho kushisa ehlobo, kubalulekile ukulandela lezi zindlela ezihamba phambili.
Ukukhetha Indawo Yokushaja Nesikhathi Esifanele
Ukukhethwa kwendawo yokushaja kuthinta ngqo izinga lokushisa lebhethri.
•Beka kuqala ukushaja ezindaweni ezinomthunzi:Noma nini lapho kungenzeka, shaja i-EV yakho egalaji, endaweni yokupaka engaphansi komhlaba, noma ngaphansi kwe-canopy. Gwema ukuchayeka isikhathi eside kwemoto yakho kanye nesiteshi sokushaja ekukhanyeni kwelanga. Ukukhanya kwelanga okuqondile kungakhuphula kakhulu izinga lokushisa elingaphezulu kwebhethri nezinto zokushaja, okwandisa umthwalo oshisayo.
•Shaja ebusuku noma ekuseni kakhulu:Amazinga okushisa aphezulu kakhulu emini, ikakhulukazi ntambama. Khetha ukushaja lapho amazinga okushisa ephansi, njengasebusuku noma ekuseni kakhulu. Ama-EV amaningi asekela ukushaja okuhleliwe, okukuvumela ukuthi usethe imoto ukuthi iqale ukushaja ngokuzenzakalelayo phakathi namahora kagesi apholile, angasebenzi kakhulu. Lokhu akusizi nje kuphela ukuvikela ibhethri kodwa futhi kungakongela imali ezikweletini zikagesi.
•Vikela isiteshi sakho sokushaja:Uma usebenzisa isiteshi sokushaja sasekhaya, cabanga ukufaka i-sunshade noma ukuyibeka endaweni enomthunzi. Isiteshi sokushaja ngokwaso singaphinda sithintwe amazinga okushisa aphezulu, okungaba nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwaso noma kubangele ukuvikelwa kokushisa ngokweqile.
Ukuthuthukisa Imikhuba Yokushaja Yempilo Yebhethri
Imikhuba elungile yokushaja iwukhiye wokwandisa ubude bempilo yebhethri lakho le-EV.
•Gcina ububanzi bokushaja obungu-20% -80%:Zama ukugwema ukushaja ngokugcwele (100%) noma ukuqeda ngokuphelele (0%) ibhethri lakho. Ukugcina izinga lokushaja liphakathi kuka-20% no-80% kusiza ukunciphisa ingcindezi kubhethri futhi kwehlisa ukuwohloka, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezishisayo.
•Gwema ukushaja ngokushesha uma ibhethri lishisa:Uma i-EV yakho isanda kudrayivu ende noma yachayeka elangeni eliqondile isikhathi eside, izinga lokushisa lebhethri lingase libe phezulu. Akufanelekile ukuthi uhlanganyele ngokushesha ekushajeni kwamandla aphezulu ngalesi sikhathi. Vumela imoto iphumule isikhashana, okuvumela izinga lokushisa lebhethri lehle ngokwemvelo ngaphambi kokushaja.
•Cabangela ukusebenzisa Ukushaja Okunensa: Uma kuqhathaniswa nokushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC, ukushaja okuhamba kancane kwe-AC (Ileveli 1 noma ileveli 2) kukhiqiza ukushisa okuncane. Ngezikhathi ezishisayo zasehlobo, uma isikhathi sivuma, beka phambiliUkushaja Okunensa. Lokhu kuvumela ibhethri isikhathi esengeziwe sokuqeda ukushisa, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise umonakalo ongase ube khona ebhethrini.
•Hlola njalo umfutho wesondo:Amathayi angaphansi kwamanzi akhuphula ukungqubuzana nomgwaqo, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphezulu, okwandisa ngokungaqondile umthwalo webhethri nokukhiqiza ukushisa. Ehlobo, umfutho wesondo ungashintsha ngenxa yokukhuphuka kwamazinga okushisa, ngakho-ke ukuhlola njalo nokugcina umfutho wesondo ofanele kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukusebenzisa Amasistimu Ahlakaniphile Angaphakathi Emotweni Okulawulwa Kwezinga Lokushisa
Izimoto zikagesi zesimanje zivame ukuhlonyiswa ngokuphathwa kwebhethri okuthuthukisiwe kanye nezici ze-cabin preconditioning. Ukusebenzisa le misebenzi kungalwa ngempumelelo namazinga okushisa aphezulu.
•Umsebenzi wokulungisa ngaphambilini:Ama-EV amaningi asekela ukwenza kusebenze ngaphambili isimo somoya ngesikhathi sokushaja ukuze kuphole ikhabethe nebhethri. Imizuzu engu-15-30 ngaphambi kokuthi uhlele ukuhamba, yenza kusebenze isimo sangaphambili usebenzisa isistimu yemoto yakho noma uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula. Ngale ndlela, amandla e-AC azovela kugridi kunebhethri, okukuvumela ukuthi ufake ikhabethe elipholile futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ibhethri iqala ukusebenza ngezinga lokushisa elifanele, ngaleyo ndlela yonga amandla ebhethri ngesikhathi sokushayela.
•Isilawuli sokupholisa kude:Ngisho noma ungekho emotweni, ungakwazi ukuvula ukupholisa umoya usebenzisa uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lweselula ukuze wehlise izinga lokushisa langaphakathi. Lokhu kuwusizo ikakhulukazi ezimotweni ezipakwe elangeni eliqondile isikhathi eside.
•UkuqondaI-BMS(Isistimu Yokulawula Ibhethri):I-EV yakho yakhelwe ngaphakathiI-BMSungumnakekeli wokuphepha kwebhethri. Ihlala iqapha impilo yebhethri nezinga lokushisa. Uma izinga lokushisa lebhethri liphezulu kakhulu, i-I-BMSizothatha izinyathelo ngokuzenzakalelayo, njengokukhawulela amandla okushaja noma ukuvula isistimu yokupholisa. Qonda ukuthi imoto yakho injaniI-BMSisebenza futhi inake noma yimiphi imilayezo eyisixwayiso evela emotweni yakho.
•Vumela Ukuvikelwa Kokushisa Kwekhabethe:Ama-EV amaningi anikeza isici esithi "Cabin Overheat Protection" esivula ngokuzenzakalelayo ifeni noma i-AC ukuze ipholise ikhabethe lapho izinga lokushisa langaphakathi lidlula inani elimisiwe. Lokhu kusiza ukuvikela izinto zikagesi ezisemotweni kanye nebhethri emonakalweni wokushisa.
Amasu Okushisa Okuphezulu Ezinhlobo Ezihlukene Zokushaja
Izinhlobo zokushaja ezihlukene ziziphatha ngendlela ehlukile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, ezidinga amasu ahlukahlukene.
| Uhlobo lokushaja | Ibanga lamandla | Izici Emazingeni Okushisa Aphakeme | Isu |
| Ileveli 1 (Ukushaja Okunensa kwe-AC) | 1.4-2.4kW | Isivinini sokushaja esinensa kakhulu, ukushisa okuncane okukhiqizwayo, umthelela omncane kubhethri. | Ifaneleka kakhulu ukushaja kwasehlobo kwansuku zonke, ikakhulukazi ebusuku noma lapho imoto ipakwe isikhathi eside. Cishe akukho ukukhathazeka okwengeziwe mayelana nokushisisa kwebhethri. |
| Ileveli 2 (AC Ukushaja Okunensa) | 3.3-19.2kW | Isivinini sokushaja esimaphakathi, sidala ukushisa okuncane kunokushaja okusheshayo, okujwayelekile eziteshini zokushaja zasekhaya. | Kuseyindlela enconyiwe yokushaja yansuku zonke ehlobo. Ukushaja ezindaweni ezinomthunzi noma ebusuku kusebenza kakhulu. Uma imoto inomsebenzi we-preconditioning, ingenziwa isebenze ngesikhathi ishajwa. |
| Ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC (Ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC) | 50kW-350kW+ | Isivinini sokushaja esisheshayo, ukushisa okuningi okukhiqizwa,I-BMSumkhawulo wejubane kuvame kakhulu. | Zama ukugwema ukusebenzisa ngesikhathi esishisa kakhulu sosuku. Uma kufanele uyisebenzise, khetha iziteshi zokushaja ezine-awnings noma ezitholakala endlini. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukushaja okusheshayo, ungasebenzisa isistimu yokuzula yemoto ukuze uhlele umzila wakho, unikezeI-BMSisikhathi sokulungiselela izinga lokushisa lebhethri libe sezingeni elifanele. Naka izinguquko emandleni okushaja emoto; uma ubona ukwehla okukhulu kwesivinini sokushaja, kungase kube yi-I-BMSukukhawulela isivinini ukuvikela ibhethri." |
Imibono Engalungile Evamile kanye Neseluleko Sochwepheshe
Uma kukhulunywa ngokushaja izimoto zikagesi ehlobo, kunemibono eyiphutha evamile. Ukuqonda lezi kanye nokulalela izeluleko zochwepheshe kubalulekile.
Imibono Eyiphutha Evamile
•Umbono oyiphutha 1: Ungashesha ukushaja ngokungenasisekelo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.
•Ukulungisa:Amazinga okushisa aphezulu akhuphula ukumelana nebhethri kwangaphakathi kanye nokwenza ukushisa. Ukushaja okusheshayo kwamandla aphezulu njalo noma isikhathi eside ezimeni ezishisayo kungasheshisa ukuwohloka kwebhethri futhi kungase kuqalise nokuvikeleka kokushisa ngokweqile, okuholela ekuphazamisekeni kokushaja.
•Umbono oyiphutha 2: Kulungile ukushaja ngokushesha ngemva kokuba ibhethri selishise.
•Ukulungisa:Ngemuva kokuthi imoto ibekwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu noma ishayelwa kakhulu, izinga lokushisa lebhethri lingaba phezulu kakhulu. Ukushaja ngokushesha kuleli qophelo kubeka ibhethri ingcindezi. Kufanele uyeke imoto iphumule isikhashana, uvumele izinga lokushisa lebhethri lehle ngokwemvelo ngaphambi kokushaja.
•Umbono oyiphutha 3: Ukushaja njalo kufika ku-100% kungcono ngebhethri.
•Ukulungisa:Amabhethri e-lithium-ion athola ingcindezi ephezulu yangaphakathi nomsebenzi uma eseduze no-100% egcwele noma u-0% engenalutho. Ukugcina lezi zimo ezeqisayo isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, kungasheshisa ukulahleka komthamo webhethri.
Iseluleko Sochwepheshe
•Landela Izinkombandlela Zomkhiqizi:Izici zebhethri kanyeI-BMSamasu emoto ngayinye kagesi angahluka kancane. Hlala ubheka imanyuwali yomnikazi wemoto yakho ukuze uthole izincomo ezithile kanye nemikhawulo mayelana nokushajwa kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu okuvela kumkhiqizi.
•Naka Imilayezo Yesexwayiso Semoto:Ideshibhodi ye-EV yakho noma isibonisi esimaphakathi singabonisa izexwayiso ngezinga lokushisa eliphezulu lebhethri noma okudidayo ukushaja. Uma izexwayiso ezinjalo zivela, kufanele uyeke ngokushesha ukushaja noma ukushayela bese ulandela imiyalelo yemoto.
•Hlola i-Coolant njalo:Amaphakethe amaningi ebhethri e-EV afakwe amasistimu okupholisa uketshezi. Ukuhlola njalo izinga lokupholisa kanye nekhwalithi kuqinisekisa ukuthi isistimu yokupholisa ingasebenza ngempumelelo, okubalulekile ekulawuleni ukushisa kwebhethri.
•Sebenzisa Idatha ukuze Uthathe Izinqumo:Uma uhlelo lwakho lokusebenza lwemoto noma uhlelo lokusebenza lokushaja lwenkampani yangaphandle luhlinzeka ngezinga lokushisa lebhethri noma idatha yamandla okushaja, funda ukuhumusha lolu lwazi. Uma ubona amazinga okushisa ebhethri aphezulu angashintshi noma ukwehla okungavamile kwamandla okushaja, lungisa isu lakho lokushaja ngendlela efanele.
Isiteshi sokushaja se-EV Umhlahlandlela Wokuvikela Nokugcinwa Kwezinga Lokushisa Okuphezulu
Ngaphandle kokugxila emotweni kagesi ngokwayo, ukuvikelwa nokugcinwa kweziteshi zokushaja emazingeni okushisa aphezulu akufanele kunganakwa.
•Ukuvikelwa Kweziteshi Zokushaja Zasekhaya (EVSE):
•Umthunzi:Uma isiteshi sakho sokushaja sasekhaya sifakwe ngaphandle, cabanga ukufaka umthunzi welanga noma i-canopy ukuze usivikele elangeni eliqondile.
•Ukungenisa umoya:Qinisekisa ukuthi kungena umoya omuhle eduze kwesiteshi sokushaja ukuze uvimbele ukunqwabelana kokushisa.
•Ukuhlola Okuvamile:Ngezikhathi ezithile hlola ikhanda nekhebuli yesibhamu esishajayo ukuze uthole izimpawu zokushisa ngokweqile, ukushintsha kombala, noma ukulimala. Ukuxhumana okuxekethile nakho kungaholela ekwandeni kokumelana nokukhiqiza ukushisa.
•Okucatshangwayo Kweziteshi Zokushaja Zomphakathi:
•Iziteshi eziningi zokushaja zomphakathi, ikakhulukazi iziteshi ezishaja ngokushesha, zinezinhlelo zokupholisa ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ukuze zibhekane nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu. Nokho, abasebenzisi kusafanele babeke phambili iziteshi zokushaja ezinamakhava aphezulu noma lezo ezitholakala ezindaweni zokupaka zasendlini.
•Ezinye iziteshi zokushaja zingase zinciphise amandla okushaja ngesikhathi sezulu esishisayo. Lokhu okokuvikela okokusebenza nokuphepha kwemoto, ngakho-ke sicela uqonde futhi ubambisane.
amazinga okushisa aphezulu e-ummer aletha inselele kumabhethri emoto kagesi kanye nenqubo yokushaja. Nokho, ngokuthatha ilungeloIzinyathelo zokuqapha zokushaja i-EV esimweni sezulu esishisayo, ungakwazi ukuvikela imoto yakho ngempumelelo, uqinisekise impilo yebhethri, futhi ugcine umuzwa wokushaja osebenzayo. Khumbula, ukukhetha isikhathi esifanele sokushaja nendawo, ukuthuthukisa imikhuba yakho yokushaja, nokusebenzisa kahle izici ezihlakaniphile zemoto yakho konke kuwukhiye wokuqinisekisa ukuthi imoto yakho kagesi ihamba ngokuphepha ehlobo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jul-31-2025