Lesi sihloko sichaza ukuvela kwephrothokholi ye-OCPP, ithuthukiswa kusukela kunguqulo 1.5 ukuya ku-2.0.1, igqamisa ukuthuthukiswa kokuvikeleka, ukushaja okuhlakaniphile, izandiso zesici, nokwenza ikhodi kube lula kunguqulo 2.0.1, kanye nendima yayo ebalulekile ekushajweni kwemoto kagesi. .
I. Ukwethulwa Kwephrothokholi ye-OCPP
Igama eligcwele le-OCPP yi-Open Charge Point Protocol, okuyiphrothokholi yamahhala nevulekile eyakhiwe yi-OCA (Open Charge Alliance), inhlangano ezinze e-Netherlands. I-Open Charge Point Protocol (OCPP) iwuhlelo lokuxhumana oluhlangene phakathi kwe-CS nanoma iyiphi I-Charging Station Management System (CSMS). Lesi sakhiwo sephrothokholi sisekela ukuxhunywa kwanoma iyiphi isistimu yokuphatha emaphakathi yomhlinzeki wesevisi oshajayo nazo zonke iziteshi zokushaja, futhi yakhelwe ngokuyinhloko ukubhekana nezinkinga zokuxhumana eziphakama kumanethiwekhi okushaja angasese.I-OCPP isekela ukuphathwa kokuxhumana phakathi kweziteshi zokushaja nohlelo lokuphatha olumaphakathi umhlinzeki ngamunye. I-OCPP isekela ukuxhumana phakathi kweziteshi zokushaja kanye nesistimu yokuphatha emaphakathi yomhlinzeki ngamunye. Ishintsha isimo esivaliwe samanethiwekhi wokushaja angasese, okubangele izinkinga ngenani elikhulu labanikazi be-EV nabaphathi bezindlu, futhi kuholele ekubizeni okubanzi kwemodeli evulekile kuyo yonke imboni.
Izinzuzo zephrothokholi ye-OCPP
Ivuliwe futhi imahhala ukuyisebenzisa
Ivimbela ukukhiya kumhlinzeki oyedwa (inkundla yokushaja)
Yehlisa isikhathi/umzamo wokuhlanganisa kanye nezindaba ze-IT
1, Umlando we-OCPP
2. Isingeniso senguqulo ye-OCPP
Njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi, kusukela ku-OCPP1.5 kuya ku-OCPP2.0.1 yakamuva
Ngenxa yokuthi maningi kakhulu amaphrothokholi aphathelene nokuphathelene embonini ukuze asekele isipiliyoni sesevisi esihlanganisiwe nokuxhumana okusebenzayo phakathi kwamasevisi o-opharetha ahlukene, i-OCA ihole ekuthuthukiseni iphrothokholi evulekile ye-OCPP1.5. I-SOAP inqunyelwe izingqinamba zayo zephrothokholi futhi ayikwazi ukuthandwa kabanzi futhi ngokushesha.
I-OCPP 1.5 ixhumana nezinhlelo ezimaphakathi ngephrothokholi ye-SOAP esekelwe kuphrothokholi ye-HTTP ukuze isebenze izindawo zokushaja Isekela imisebenzi elandelayo: Ukwenziwa kwendawo kanye nokuqalwa ukude, okuhlanganisa ukulinganisa inkokhelo
(3) OCPP1.6 (SOAP/JSON)
Inguqulo ye-OCPP1.6, ijoyine ukusetshenziswa kwefomethi ye-JSON, futhi yandisa ukunwetshwa kokushaja okuhlakaniphile. Inguqulo ye-JSON ingezokuxhumana kwe-WebSocket, ingaba kunoma iyiphi indawo yenethiwekhi ukuthumelana idatha, izivumelwano ezisetshenziswa kakhulu emakethe inguqulo ye-1.6J, usekelo lwedatha yefomethi ye-websockets esekelwe kuphrothokholi ye-JSON ukunciphisa ukugcwala kwedatha (JSON, websockets idatha ye-JSON esekwe kuphrothokholi ukuze kwehliswe ithrafikhi yedatha).
Isekela idatha yefomethi ye-JSON esekelwe kuphrothokholi yama-websockets ukuze kwehliswe ithrafikhi yedatha (I-JSON, I-JavaScript Object Representation, iyifomethi yokushintshisana ngedatha engasindi) futhi ivumela ukusebenza kumanethiwekhi angawusekeli umzila wephakethe wephoyinti lokushaja (isb, i-inthanethi yomphakathi). Ukushaja okuhlakaniphile: ukulinganisa ukulayisha, ukushaja okuhlakaniphile okuphakathi nendawo kanye nokushaja okuhlakaniphile kwendawo. Vumela izindawo zokushaja ukuthi zithumele kabusha ulwazi lwazo (ngokusekelwe olwazini lwamanje lwephoyinti lokushaja), njengenani lokugcina elilinganisiwe noma isimo sephoyinti lokushaja.
(4) OCPP 2.0 (JSON)
I-OCPP 2.0, ekhishwe ngo-2018, ithuthukisa ukucutshungulwa kokwenziwe, inyusa ukuphepha, ukuphathwa kwedivayisi: yengeza ukusebenza kokushaja okuhlakaniphile, kuma-topology anezinhlelo zokuphatha amandla (EMS), izilawuli zendawo, kanye nama-EV anokushaja okuhlakaniphile okudidiyelwe, iziteshi zokushaja nezinhlelo zokuphatha iziteshi zokushaja. . Isekela i-ISO 15118: I-plug and Play nezidingo zokushaja ezihlakaniphile zezimoto zikagesi.
(5) OCPP 2.0.1 (JSON)
I-OCPP 2.0.1 inguqulo yakamuva, ekhishwe ngo-2020. Ihlinzeka ngezici ezintsha nokuthuthukiswa okufana nosekelo lwe-ISO15118 (I-Plug ne-Play), ukuvikeleka okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kukonke.
3. Ukuhambisana Kwenguqulo ye-OCPP
I-OCPP1.x ihambisana nezinguqulo eziphansi, i-OCPP1.6 ihambisana ne-OCPP1.5, i-OCPP1.5 ihambisana ne-OCPP1.2.
I-OCPP2.0.1 ayihambisani ne-OCPP1.6, OCPP2.0.1 nakuba okunye okuqukethwe kwe-OCPP1.6 nakho kunakho, kodwa ifomethi yozimele wedatha ihluke ngokuphelele kulokho okuthunyelwe.
Okwesibili, iphrothokholi ye-OCPP 2.0.1
1、 Umehluko phakathi kwe-OCPP 2.0.1 ne-OCPP 1.6
Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinguqulo zangaphambili ezifana ne-OCPP 1.6, OCPP 2.0. I-1 inokuthuthuka okukhulu emikhakheni elandelayo:
a. Ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe
I-OCPP2.0.1 ukuvikeleka kwenziwa lukhuni ngokwethula uxhumo lwe-HTTPS olususelwe Kusendlalelo Sezikhoxe Ezivikelekile kanye nohlelo olusha lokuphatha isitifiketi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kokuxhumana.
b.Ukwengeza Izici Ezintsha
I-OCPP2.0.1 yengeza izici eziningi ezintsha, okuhlanganisa ukuphathwa kokushaja okuhlakaniphile, nokubikwa kwamaphutha okuningiliziwe nokuhlaziya.
c. Idizayini Eguquguqukayo eyengeziwe
I-OCPP2.0.1 yakhelwe ukuthi ivumelane nezimo ukuze ihlangabezane nezidingo zezinhlelo zokusebenza eziyinkimbinkimbi nezihlukahlukene.
d. Ukwenza Ikhodi Lula
I-OCPP2.0.1 yenza ikhodi ibe lula, ikwenze kube lula ukusebenzisa isofthiwe.
Isibuyekezo se-firmware se-OCPP2.0.1 sengeze isiginesha yedijithali, ukuvimbela ukulandwa kwe-firmware akuphelele, okuholela ekuhlulekeni kokubuyekezwa kwe-firmware.
Ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo, iphrothokholi ye-OCPP2.0.1 ingasetshenziswa ukubona isilawuli kude senqwaba yokushaja, ukuqapha ngesikhathi sangempela isimo sokushaja, ukuqinisekiswa komsebenzisi neminye imisebenzi, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwemishini yokushaja, ukusebenza kahle nokuphepha.Imininingwane ye-OCPP2.0.1 kanye nemisebenzi kunenguqulo ye-1.6 yeziningi, ukuthuthukiswa kobunzima nakho kunyukile.
2, OCPP2.0.1 isingeniso somsebenzi
Iphrothokholi ye-OCPP 2.0.1 iyinguqulo yakamuva yephrothokholi ye-OCPP. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-OCPP 1.6, iphrothokholi ye-OCPP 2.0.1 yenze ukuthuthukiswa nokulungiselelwa okuningi. Okuqukethwe okuyinhloko kufaka phakathi:
Ukuthunyelwa Komlayezo: I-OCP 2.0.1 yengeza izinhlobo zemilayezo emisha futhi ilungise amafomethi amadala wemilayezo ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza.
Izitifiketi Zedijithali: Ku-OPC 2.0.1, izindlela zokuphepha ezisekelwe kwisitifiketi sedijithali zethulwa ukuze zinikeze ukuqinisekiswa kwedivayisi okuqinile nokuvikela ubuqotho bomlayezo. Lokhu ukuthuthuka okuphawulekayo ngaphezu kwezindlela zokuphepha ze-OCPP1.6.
Imodeli Yedatha: I-OPC 2.0.1 ibuyekeza imodeli yedatha ukuze ifake usekelo lwezinhlobo ezintsha zedivayisi nezici.
Ukuphathwa Kwedivayisi: I-OPC 2.0.1 ihlinzeka ngemisebenzi yokuphatha idivayisi enemininingwane eminingi, okuhlanganisa ukucushwa kwedivayisi, ukuxazulula inkinga, izibuyekezo zesofthiwe, njll.
Amamodeli ezingxenye: I-OCP 2.0.1 yethula imodeli yengxenye evumelana nezimo engasetshenziswa ukuchaza amadivayisi namasistimu wokushaja ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. Lokhu kusiza ukunika amandla izici ezithuthuke kakhulu njenge-V2G (Imoto eya kuGridi).
Ukushaja okuhlakaniphile: I-OCPP2.0.1 yengeza usekelo lokushaja okuhlakaniphile, isibonelo, amandla okushaja angashintshwa ngokuguquguqukayo ngokuya ngezimo zegridi noma izidingo zomsebenzisi.
Ubunikazi Bomsebenzisi Nokugunyazwa: I-OCPP2.0.1 inikeza ukuhlonza komsebenzisi okuthuthukisiwe nezindlela zokugunyaza, isekela izindlela zokuqinisekisa zabasebenzisi abaningi, futhi ibeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme zokuvikela idatha yomsebenzisi.
III. Isingeniso somsebenzi we-OCPP
1. Ukushaja okuhlakaniphile
Isistimu Yokulawula Amandla Yangaphandle (EMS)
I-OCPP 2.0.1 ibhekana nale nkinga ngokwethula indlela yokwazisa eyazisa i-CSMS (Uhlelo Lokuphathwa Kwesiteshi Sokushaja) ngemikhawulo yangaphandle. Okokufaka okuqondile kokushaja okuhlakaniphile okusekela izinhlelo zokuphatha amandla (EMS) kungaxazulula izimo eziningi:
Izimoto zikagesi ezixhunywe ezindaweni zokushaja (nge-ISO 15118)
I-OCPP 2.0.1 isekela i-ISO 15118 -iphrothokholi ebuyekeziwe yokuxhumana kwe-EVSE-to-EV. Ukushaja okujwayelekile kwepulaki nokudlala kwe-ISO 15118 nokushaja okuhlakaniphile (okuhlanganisa okokufaka okuvela kuma-EVs) kulula ukukusebenzisa kusetshenziswa i-OCPP 2.0.1. Nika amandla ama-opharetha eziteshi ezishajayo ukuze athumele imilayezo (kusuka ku-CSMS) mayelana neziteshi zokushaja ezizoboniswa abashayeli be-EV.
Ukusetshenziswa kokushaja okuhlakaniphile:
(1) Layisha Isilinganisi
I-Load Balancer ihloselwe kakhulu umthwalo wangaphakathi wesiteshi sokushaja. Isiteshi sokushaja sizolawula amandla okushaja eposi ngalinye lokushaja ngokuya ngokulungiselelwa kwangaphambilini. Isiteshi sokushaja sizolungiselelwa ngenani elilinganiselwe elilinganiselwe, njengenani eliphezulu eliphumayo lamanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucushwa kuhlanganisa nezinketho zokuzikhethela zokuthuthukisa ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla kweziteshi zokushaja eziteshini zokushaja ngazinye. Lokhu kulungiselelwa kutshela isiteshi sokushaja ukuthi izilinganiso zokushaja ezingaphansi kwaleli velu yokumisa azivumelekile nokuthi amanye amasu okushaja kufanele akhethwe.
(2) Ukushaja okuhlakaniphile okuphakathi
Ukushaja okuhlakaniphile okumaphakathi kucabanga ukuthi imikhawulo yokushaja ilawulwa isistimu emaphakathi, ebala ingxenye noma lonke uhlelo lokushaja ngemva kokuthola ulwazi lokubikezela lomsebenzisi wegridi mayelana nomthamo wegridi, futhi isistimu emaphakathi izobeka imikhawulo yokushaja eziteshini zokushaja futhi ibeke imikhawulo yokushaja. ngokuphendula imilayezo.
(3) Ukushaja okuhlakaniphile kwendawo
Ukushaja okuhlakaniphile kwasendaweni kwenziwa yisilawuli sendawo, esilingana ne-ejenti yephrothokholi ye-OCPP, enesibopho sokwamukela imilayezo evela kusistimu emaphakathi nokulawula ukuziphatha kokushaja kwezinye iziteshi zokushaja eqenjini. Isilawuli ngokwaso singafakwa iziteshi zokushaja noma cha. Kumodi yokushaja okuhlakaniphile kwendawo, isilawuli sasendaweni sikhawulela amandla okushaja esiteshi sokushaja. Ngesikhathi sokushaja, inani lomkhawulo lingashintshwa. Inani elilinganiselwe leqembu lokushaja lingalungiselelwa endaweni noma ngesistimu emaphakathi.
2. Isingeniso Sesistimu
uhlaka oluhlelekile
ukwakhiwa kwesoftware
Amamojula asebenzayo kuphrothokholi ye-OCPP2.0.1 ngokuyinhloko ahlanganisa imojula Yokudluliswa Kwedatha, imojula yokugunyaza, imojula yokuphepha, imojula yokuthengiselana, imojula Yamanani Emitha, Imojula Yezindleko, Imojula yokubhuka, imojula yokushaja okuhlakaniphile, imojula yokuxilonga, imojula Yokulawula I-Firmware kanye nemojula yomlayezo wokubonisa
IV. Ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo kwe-OCPP
1. Izinzuzo ze-OCPP
I-OCPP iyiphrothokholi yamahhala nevulekile, futhi iyindlela ephumelelayo yokuxazulula ukuxhumana kwenqwaba yamanje yokushaja, futhi iye yathandwa futhi yasetshenziswa emazweni amaningi emhlabeni jikelele, ukuxhumana okuzayo phakathi kwezinsizakalo zomqhubi kuzoba nolimi lokuxhumana.
Ngaphambi kokufika kwe-OCPP, umkhiqizi ngamunye weposi elishajayo wakha eyakhe iphrothokholi yobunikazi yokuxhumana okungemuva, ngaleyo ndlela kukhiywe opharetha beposi elishajayo kumkhiqizi weposi elilodwa elishajayo. Manje, cishe bonke abakhiqizi bezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha abasekela i-OCPP, abaqhubi beposi abashajayo bakhululekile ukukhetha ihadiwe kunoma yimuphi umthengisi, okwenza imakethe iqhudelane kakhulu.
Kunjalo nakubanikazi bezakhiwo/bamabhizinisi; uma bethenga isiteshi sokushaja okungesona i-OCPP noma inkontileka ne-CPO engeyona eye-OCPP, bakhiyelwa esiteshini esithile sokushaja kanye nesisebenzisi seposi esishajayo. Kodwa ngehardware yokushaja ethobela i-OCPP, abanikazi bezindlu bangakwazi ukuhlala bezimele kubahlinzeki babo. Abanikazi bakhululekile ukukhetha i-CPO enokuncintisana kakhulu, enentengo engcono, noma esebenza kangcono. futhi, banganweba inethiwekhi yabo ngokuxuba ihadiwe ehlukile yokushaja ngaphandle kokuhlakaza ukufakwa okukhona.
Yebo, inzuzo enkulu yama-EVs ukuthi abashayeli be-EV akudingeki bathembele ku-opharetha weposi elilodwa lokushaja noma umhlinzeki we-EV. Njengaseziteshini zokushaja ze-OCPP ezithengiwe, abashayeli be-EV bangashintshela kuma-CPO/EMP angcono. okwesibili, kodwa inzuzo ebaluleke kakhulu yikhono lokusebenzisa ukuzulazula kwe-e-mobility.
2, OCPP endimeni yokushaja imoto kagesi
(1) I-OCPP isiza i-EVSE ne-CSMS ukuthi zixhumane
(2) Ukugunyazwa kwabasebenzisi bezimoto zikagesi ukuthi baqale ukushaja
(3) Ukuguqulwa kwesilawuli kude sokucushwa kokushaja, isilawuli sokushaja sesilawuli kude (ukuqala/ukumisa), isibhamu esivula kude (i-id yesixhumi)
(4) Isimo sesikhathi sangempela sesiteshi sokushaja (esitholakalayo, esimisiwe, esimisiwe, i-EV/EVSE engagunyaziwe), idatha yokushaja yesikhathi sangempela, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwesikhathi sangempela, ukwehluleka kwe-EVSE yesikhathi sangempela
(5) Ukushaja okuhlakaniphile (ukunciphisa umthwalo wegridi)
(6) Ukuphathwa kweFirmware (OTAA)
I-Linkpower yasungulwa ngo-2018, ineminyaka engaphezu kwengu-8 ihlose ukuhlinzeka ngocwaningo olubalulekile nokuthuthukiswa kweziteshi zokushaja ze-AC/DC EV, okuhlanganisa isofthiwe, ihadiwe, ukubukeka, njll.
Kokubili ishaja esheshayo ye-AC ne-DC enesofthiwe ye-OCPP1.6 isivele iqedile ukuhlola nabahlinzeki benkundla ye-OCPP abangaphezu kwe-100. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, singabuyekeza i-OCPP1.6J kuya ku-OCPP2.0.1 futhi isisombululo se-EVSE yezohwebo sifakwe amamojula e-IEC/ISO15118, okuyisinyathelo esiqinile ekufezeni ukushaja kwe-V2G bi-directional.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-21-2024