Konke odinga ukukwazi nge-ISO / IEC 15118

I-Nomenclature esemthethweni ye-ISO 15118 ithi "Izimoto zomgwaqo - imoto kwi-grid yokuxhumana interface." Kungaba ngomunye wamazinga abaluleke kakhulu futhi esizayo afakazele atholakalayo namuhla.

Indlela yokushaja ehlakaniphile eyakhelwe ku-ISO 15118 yenza kube nokwenzeka ukufana ngokuphelele nomthamo wegridi ngesidingo samandla enani elikhulayo le-EVS elixhumeka kugridi kagesi. I-ISO 15118 futhi inika amandla ukudluliswa kwamandla kwe-bidirectional ukuze kuqashelweImoto-to-gridIzicelo ngokudla amandla kusuka ku-EV abuyele kugridi lapho kudingeka. I-ISO 15118 ivumela ukutholakala okuthe xaxa, okuphephile, nokushaja okulula kwe-EVS.

Umlando we-ISO 15118

Ngo-2010, inhlangano yamazwe omhlaba ye-Standard (ISO) kanye neKhomishini Ye-Electrotechnical Commission yamazwe omhlaba (IEC) ihlanganise amabutho ukudala iqembu elihlanganyelayo le-ISO / IEC 15118. Ngokokuqala ngqa, ochwepheshe abavela embonini yezimoto kanye nemboni yokusebenzisa basebenza ndawonye ukuthuthukisa izinga lokuxhumana laphesheya kokushaja i-EVS. Iqembu elisebenzayo elihlanganisiwe liphumelele ekwakheni isixazululo esamukelwe kabanzi manje esisezingeni eliphakeme ezifundeni ezinkulu emhlabeni jikelele ezifana neYurophu, i-US, Central / South Ameya, neSouth Korea. I-ISO 15118 nayo icosha ngokushesha ukutholwa e-India nase-Australia. Inothi ngefomethi: I-ISO yathatha ukushicilelwa kweZinga futhi manje saziwa ngokuthi i-ISO 15118.

Imoto-to-grid - Ukuhlanganisa i-EVS kugridi

I-ISO 15118 inika amandla ukuhlanganiswa kwe-EVS kui-smart grid(AKA imoto-2-grid nomaImoto-to-grid). Igridi ehlakaniphile yigridi kagesi exhumanisa abakhiqizi bamandla, abathengi, kanye nezakhi zegridi ezifana nabaguquli ngezinsolo zolwazi kanye nezobuchwepheshe zokuxhumana, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi.

I-ISO 15118 ivumela isiteshi se-EV kanye nokushaja ukuze iguqulwe ngamandla imininingwane esekelwe lapho kungaba khona uhlelo lokushaja okufanele (kabusha). Kubalulekile ukuthi uqiniseke ukuthi izimoto zikagesi zisebenza ngendlela enobungane ngegridi. Kulokhu, "ubungane begridi" kusho ukuthi idivaysi isekela ukushaja kwezimoto eziningi ngasikhathi sinye ngenkathi ivimbela igridi ekugcwalisweni ngokweqile. Izicelo ze-SMART Shading zizobala isheduli yokushaja ngayinye nge-EV ngayinye ngokusebenzisa imininingwane etholakala ngesimo segridi kagesi, isidingo samandla ngakunye, kanye nezidingo zokuhamba zomshayeli ngamunye (isikhathi sokuhamba kanye nobubanzi bokushayela).

Ngale ndlela, isikhathi sokushaja ngamunye sizofanisa kahle umthamo wegridi kwisidingo sikagesi sokushaja ngasikhathi sinye. Ukushaja ngezikhathi zokutholakala okuphezulu kwamandla avuselelekayo kanye / noma ngezikhathi lapho ukusetshenziswa kukagesi okuphelele kuphansi kungenye yamacala okusetshenziswa okuyinhloko okungenziwa nge-ISO 15118.

Ukuxhumana okuvikelekile okunikwe amandla yi-plug & ukushaja

Igridi kagesi iyingqalasizinda ebucayi edinga ukubonwa ngokumelene nokuhlaselwa okungaba khona futhi umshayeli udinga ukukhokhelwa kahle amandla anikelwe ku-EV. Ngaphandle kokuxhumana okuphephile phakathi kweziteshi ze-EVS kanye neziteshi zokushaja, amaqembu esithathu anonya angavumelanisa futhi aguqule imiyalezo futhi aphazamise ngolwazi lokukhokha. Kungakho-ke i-ISO 15118 iza nesici esibizwaXhuma & Shaja. Xhuma futhi uthephe udlulisela izindlela eziningana ze-cryptographic ukuvikela lokhu ukuxhumana futhi kuqinisekisa ubumfihlo, ubuqotho kanye neqiniso lemininingwane eshintshiwe

Ukusebenziseka lula komsebenzisi njengokhiye esimweni sokushaja okungenamthungo

ISO 15118'sXhuma & ShajaIsici futhi senza i-EV ukuthi ikhombe ngokuzenzakalela esiteshini sokushaja futhi ifinyeleleke igunya eligunyaziwe amandla okudingayo ukuze akwazi kabusha ibhethri layo. Lokhu konke kususelwa kwizitifiketi zedijithali kanye nengqalasizinda yomphakathi-okhiye enziwa kutholakale ngesici se-plug & ukushaja. Ingxenye engcono kakhulu? Umshayeli akadingi ukwenza noma yini edlula ikhebula lokushaja emotweni kanye nesiteshi sokushaja (ngesikhathi sokushaja (ngesikhathi sokushaja) noma ipaki ngaphezu kwepakethe eliphansi (ngesikhathi sokushaja okungenantambo). Isenzo sokungena ikhadi lesikweletu, ukuvula uhlelo lokusebenza ukuskena ikhodi ye-QR, noma ukuthola ukuthi ikhadi le-RFID elilula ukulahlekelwa yinto yesikhathi esedlule nalobu buchwepheshe.

I-ISO 15118 izothinta kakhulu ikusasa lokushaja kwemoto kagesi kagesi emhlabeni wonke ngenxa yalezi zinto ezintathu ezibalulekile:

1. Ukusebenziseka lula ikhasimende eliza nge-plug & ukushaja
2. Ukuphepha kwedatha okuthuthukisiwe okuza nezinqubo ze-cryptographic ezichazwe ku-ISO 15118
3. Ukushaja okunobungane kweGridi

Ngalezo zinto eziyisisekelo engqondweni, ake singene kumantongomane kanye nama-bolts weZinga.

Umndeni wedokhumenti ye-ISO 15118

Izinga elijwayelekile ngokwalo, elibizwa nge- "Izimoto zomgwaqo - imoto kwi-grid yokuxhumana isikhombimsebenzisi", iqukethe izingxenye eziyisishiyagalombili. I-hyphen noma ideshi nenombolo kusho ingxenye ethile. I-ISO 15118-1 ibhekisela engxenyeni eyodwa nokunye.

Esithombeni esingezansi, ungabona ukuthi ingxenye ngayinye ye-ISO 15118 ihlobene kanjani nengxenye eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwezendlalelo eziyisikhombisa zokuxhumana ezichaza ukuthi imininingwane icutshungulwa kanjani kwinethiwekhi yezokuxhumana. Lapho i-EV ixhunyiwe esiteshini sokushaja, isilawuli sezokuxhumana sale-EV (esibizwa ngokuthi i-EVCC) kanye nesilawuli sokuxhumana esiteshini sokushaja (i-SECC) setha inethiwekhi yokuxhumana. Inhloso yale nakulo ukushintshanisa imiyalezo kanye nokuqalisa isikhathi sokushaja. Kokubili i-EVCC ne-SECC kumele zinikeze lezo zingqimba eziyisikhombisa ezisebenzayo (njengoba zichazwe kumiswe kahleI-ISO / OSI CANINCE STLOCK) Ukuze ucubungule imininingwane abayithumelayo bobabili futhi bayithola. Ungqimba ngalunye luyakha ekusebenzeni okuhlinzekwa ngesendlalelo esingaphansi, kusukela ngesendlalelo sohlelo lokusebenza phezulu nangalo yonke indlela ezansi engxenyeni engokomzimba.

Isibonelo: Isendlalelo sokuxhumanisa esingokomzimba nesedatha Cabanga ukuthi isiteshi se-EV nesiteshi se-EV singashintshana kanjani ngentambo yokushaja (Ukuxhumana komugqa wamandla nge-Plug Chreed Modem njengoba kuchaziwe ku-Iso 15118-2.1 Lapho isixhumanisi sedatha setha kahle, inethiwekhi ne-testition ungqimba engenhla ingathembela kukho ukuze kusungulwe okubizwa ngokuthi yi-TCP / IP yokulandela kahle imiyalezo evela kwi-EVCC (emuva). Isendlalelo sohlelo lokusebenza ngaphezulu sisebenzisa indlela yokuxhumana esunguliwe yokushintshana noma yimuphi umyalezo ohlobene nokusetshenziswa kwecala, kungaba nge-AC ukushaja, ukushaja kwe-DC, noma ukushaja okungenantambo.

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Lapho uxoxa i-ISO 15118 iphelele, lokhu kufaka iqoqo lamazinga ngaphakathi kwalesi sihloko esisodwa. Izindinganiso ngokwazo ziphukile ezingxenyeni ezithile. Ingxenye ngayinye ithola iqoqo lezigaba ezichazwe ngaphambilini ngaphambi kokushicilelwa njengezinga elijwayelekile lezizwe (liyi). Kungakho ungathola imininingwane ngesimo sengxenye ngayinye yengxenye ngayinye engxenyeni engezansi. Isimo sibonisa usuku lokushicilelwa lwe-IS, okuyi-Gcina isigaba sokugcina kumugqa wesikhathi wamaphrojekthi ajwayelekile we-ISO.

Ake singene esihlalweni ngasinye sedokhumenti ngawodwana.

Inqubo nomugqa wesikhathi wokushicilelwa kwezindinganiso ze-ISO

Isibalo esingenhla siveza umugqa wesikhathi wenqubo yokulinganisa ngaphakathi kwe-ISO. Le nqubo iqalwa ngesiphakamiso sento entsha yomsebenzi (i-NWIP noma i-NP) engena esiteji sokusalungiswa kwekomidi (CD) ngemuva kwesikhathi sezinyanga eziyi-12. Lapho nje i-CD itholakala (kuphela kochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe abangamalungu omzimba ojwayelekile), isigaba sokuvota sezinyanga ezintathu siqala lapho laba bachwepheshe benganikeza khona amazwana wokuhlela nawobuchwepheshe. Lapho nje isigaba sokuphawula sesiqediwe, amazwana aqoqiwe axazululwa ezinkomfeni ze-inthanethi eziku-inthanethi nemihlangano yobuso nobuso.

Ngenxa yalo msebenzi wokubambisana, okusalungiswa kwe-International Standard (Dis) bese kubhalwa futhi kushicilelwe. Iqembu elisebenzayo elihlanganisiwe linganquma ukubhala i-CD yesibili uma kwenzeka ochwepheshe benomuzwa wokuthi idokhumenti ayikakulungeli ukubhekwa njenge-dis. I-DIS ngumbhalo wokuqala okufanele wenziwe atholakale esidlangalaleni futhi angathengwa online. Okunye ukuphawula nokubhalwa kokuvota kuzoqhutshwa ngemuva kokuthi i-dis ikhishwe, ifana nenqubo yesigaba se-CD.

Isigaba sokugcina ngaphambi kwe-International Standard (is) Ingabe okusalungiswa kokugcina kwe-International Standard (FDIS). Lesi yisigaba sokuzikhethela esingangeqa uma iqembu lochwepheshe elisebenza kuleli Zinga lisebenzisana nalo mbhalo selifinyelele ezingeni elanele lekhwalithi. I-FDIS yidokhumenti engavumeli noma yiziphi ezinye izinguquko ezengeziwe zobuchwepheshe. Ngakho-ke, kuphela amazwana wokuhlela avunyelwe ngesikhathi salesi sigaba sokuphawula. Njengoba ubona kusuka kuMfanekiso, inqubo yokulinganisa ukumaka ingasukela ezinyangeni ezingama-24 zifinyelela ku-48.

Endabeni ye-ISO 15118-2, okujwayelekile kuthathe ukwakheka ngaphezulu kweminyaka emine futhi kuzoqhubeka nokuhlanjululwa njengoba kudingeka (bheka i-ISO 15118-20). Le nqubo iqinisekisa ukuthi ihlala isesikhathini futhi ivumelana namacala amaningi ahlukile okusetshenziswa emhlabeni jikelele.