Leli phepha lichaza ngokuningiliziwe isizinda sokuthuthukiswa kwe-ISO15118, ulwazi lwenguqulo, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-CCS, okuqukethwe kwezivumelwano zokuxhumana, imisebenzi yokushaja ehlakaniphile, ebonisa inqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe bokushaja izimoto zikagesi kanye nokuvela kwezinga.
I. Ukwethulwa kwe-ISO15118
1, Isingeniso
I-International Organisation for Standardization (IX-ISO) ishicilela i-ISO 15118-20. I-ISO 15118-20 iyisandiso se-ISO 15118-2 ukusekela ukudluliswa kwamandla okungenantambo (WPT). Ngayinye yalezi zinsizakalo inganikezwa kusetshenziswa ukudluliswa kwamandla kwe-bi-directional (BPT) kanye namadivayisi axhumeke ngokuzenzakalelayo (ama-ACD).
2. Ukwethulwa kolwazi lwenguqulo
(1) Inguqulo ye-ISO 15118-1.0
I-15118-1 iyisidingo esijwayelekile
Izimo zohlelo lokusebenza ezisuselwe ku-ISO 15118 ukuze kuqashwe inqubo yokushaja neyokukhokha, futhi kuchaza amadivayisi esimweni sohlelo ngalunye kanye nokusebenzisana kolwazi phakathi kwamadivayisi.
15118-2 imayelana nezivumelwano zesendlalelo sohlelo lokusebenza.
Ichaza imilayezo, ukulandelana kwemilayezo nemishini yezwe kanye nezidingo zobuchwepheshe ezidinga ukuchazwa ukuze kufezeke lezi zimo zohlelo lokusebenza. Ichaza amaphrothokholi kusukela kusendlalelo senethiwekhi kuze kuyofika kusendlalelo sohlelo lokusebenza.
15118-3 izici zesendlalelo sokuxhumanisa, kusetshenziswa izithwali zamandla.
15118-4 ehlobene nokuhlolwa
15118-5 Isendlalelo somzimba sihlobene
15118-8 izici ezingenantambo
15118-9 Izici zesendlalelo esingenantambo somzimba
(2) Inguqulo ye-ISO 15118-20
I-ISO 15118-20 inokusebenza kwe-plug-and-play, kanye nosekelo lokudluliswa kwamandla okungenantambo (i-WPT), futhi ngayinye yalezi zinsizakalo inganikezwa kusetshenziswa ukudluliswa kwamandla okuqondiswa yi-bi-directional (BPT) kanye namadivayisi axhumeke ngokuzenzakalelayo (ACD).
Isingeniso ku-interface ye-CCS
Ukuvela kwamazinga ahlukene okushaja ezimakethe ze-EV zase-Europe, eNyakatho Melika nase-Asia kudale izinkinga zokusebenzisana nokushaja zokuthuthukiswa kwe-EV emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuze kubhekwane nalolu daba, i-European Automobile Manufacturers' Association (ACEA) ibeke phambili isiphakamiso sezinga lokushaja le-CCS, elihlose ukuhlanganisa ukushaja kwe-AC ne-DC kusistimu ehlanganisiwe. Ukuxhumana okubonakalayo kwesixhumi kuklanywe njengesokhethi ehlanganisiwe enezimbobo ze-AC ne-DC ezihlanganisiwe, ezihambisana nezindlela ezintathu zokushaja: ukushaja kwe-AC kwesigaba esisodwa, ukushaja kwe-AC kwezigaba ezintathu kanye nokushaja kwe-DC. Lokhu kunikeza izinketho zokushaja ezivumelana nezimo ezimotweni zikagesi.
1. Isingeniso se-interface
I-EV (imoto kagesi) amaphrothokholi wokushaja wokushaja
Izixhumi ezisetshenziselwa ukushaja ama-EV ezifundeni ezinkulu zomhlaba
2, Isixhumi se-CCS1
Amagridi kagesi asekhaya ase-US nase-Japanese asekela ukushaja kwe-AC kwesigaba esisodwa kuphela, ngakho-ke amapulagi nezimbobo zohlobo loku-1 zibusa kulezi zimakethe ezimbili.
3, Ukwethulwa kwembobo ye-CCS2
Imbobo yohlobo 2 isekela ukushaja kwesigaba esisodwa nesigaba sesithathu, futhi ukushaja kwe-AC kwezigaba ezintathu kunganciphisa isikhathi sokushaja sezimoto zikagesi.
Kwesokunxele kunembobo yokushaja izimoto yohlobo 2 CCS, futhi kwesokudla kunepulaki yesibhamu eshajayo ye-DC. Imbobo yokushaja yemoto ihlanganisa ingxenye ye-AC (ingxenye engaphezulu) kanye nembobo ye-DC (ingxenye ephansi enezixhumi ezimbili eziwugqinsi). Ngesikhathi senqubo yokushaja i-AC ne-DC, ukuxhumana phakathi kwemoto kagesi (EV) kanye nesiteshi sokushaja (EVSE) kwenzeka nge-Control Pilot (CP) interface.
I-CP – I-Control Pilot interface idlulisa isignali ye-analog PWM kanye nesignali yedijithali ye-ISO 15118 noma i-DIN 70121 esekelwe ekushintshashintsheni kwe-Power Line Carrier (PLC) kusiginali ye-analog.
PP – I-Proxmity Pilot (ebuye ibizwe ngokuthi I-Plug Presence) idlulisa isignali eyenza imoto (EV) ikwazi ukuqapha ukuthi ipulaki yesibhamu esishajayo ixhunyiwe. Isetshenziselwa ukufeza isici esibalulekile sokuphepha - imoto ayikwazi ukuhamba ngenkathi isibhamu sokushaja sixhunyiwe.
I-PE - Umhlaba Okhiqizayo, uwumphambili oyisisekelo wedivayisi.
Okunye ukuxhumana okuningana kusetshenziselwa ukudlulisa amandla: Intambo engathathi hlangothi (N), i-L1 (isigaba esisodwa se-AC), i-L2, i-L3 (isigaba se-AC ezintathu); DC+, DC- (i-direct current).
III. Ukwethulwa kokuqukethwe kwephrothokholi ye-ISO15118
Iphrothokholi yokuxhumana ye-ISO 15118 isuselwe kumodeli yeseva yeklayenti, lapho i-EVCC ithumela khona imilayezo yesicelo (le miyalezo inesijobelelo esithi “Req”), futhi i-SECC ibuyisela imilayezo yokuphendula ehambisanayo (nesijobelelo esithi “Res”). I-EVCC idinga ukuthola umlayezo wokuphendula ovela ku-SECC phakathi kwebanga elithile lesikhathi sokuvala (ngokuvamile phakathi kwamasekhondi angu-2 kuya kwangu-5) omlayezo wesicelo ohambisanayo, ngaphandle kwalokho iseshini izonqanyulwa, futhi kuye ngokusetshenziswa kwabakhiqizi abahlukene, i-EVCC ingakwazi ukuqalisa kabusha iseshini entsha.
(1) Ishadi eligelezayo lokushaja
(2) Inqubo yokushaja i-AC
(3) Inqubo yokushaja ye-DC
I-ISO 15118 ithuthukisa indlela yokuxhumana phakathi kwesiteshi sokushaja nemoto kagesi enezimiso zedijithali ezisezingeni eliphezulu ukuze inikeze ulwazi olucebile, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa: ukuxhumana kwezindlela ezimbili, ukubethela kwesiteshi, ukufakazela ubuqiniso, ukugunyazwa, isimo sokushaja, isikhathi sokuhamba, nokunye. Lapho isignali ye-PWM enomjikelezo womsebenzi ongu-5% ikalwa ngephinikhodi ye-CP yekhebula yokushaja, ukulawula ukushaja phakathi kwesiteshi sokushaja nemoto kunikezwa ngokushesha ku-ISO 15118.
3, Imisebenzi Eyinhloko
(1) Ukushaja Okukhaliphile
Ukushaja kwe-Smart EV yikhono lokulawula, ukuphatha nokulungisa zonke izici zokushajwa kwe-EV ngobuhlakani. Ikwenza lokhu ngokusekelwe ekuxhumaneni kwedatha kwesikhathi sangempela phakathi kwe-EV, ishaja, isisebenzisi esishajayo kanye nomnikezeli kagesi noma inkampani yosizo. Ekushajeni okuhlakaniphile, zonke izinhlangothi ezithintekayo zihlala zixhumana futhi zisebenzisa izixazululo zokushaja ezithuthukisiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukushaja. Enhliziyweni yale ecosystem yisixazululo se-Smart Charging EV, esicubungula le datha futhi sivumele ama-opharetha ashajayo nabasebenzisi ukuthi baphathe zonke izici zokushaja.
1) Smart Energy Tube; ilawula umthelela wokushajwa kwe-EV kugridi nokuphakelwa kwamandla.
2) Ukwenza ngcono ama-EV; ukuyishaja kusiza abashayeli be-EV nabahlinzeki besevisi abashajayo ukuthi bathuthukise ukushaja ngokwezindleko nokusebenza kahle.
3) Ukuphathwa okukude kanye nezibalo; yenza abasebenzisi kanye nama-opharetha balawule futhi balungise ukushaja ngezinkundla ezisekelwe kuwebhu noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zeselula.
4) Ubuchwepheshe bokushaja be-EV obuthuthukisiwe Ubuchwepheshe obuningi obusha, njenge-V2G, budinga izici zokushaja ezihlakaniphile ukuze zisebenze kahle.
Izinga le-ISO 15118 lethula omunye umthombo wolwazi ongasetshenziswa njengokushaja okuhlakaniphile: imoto kagesi ngokwayo (EV). Olunye ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu lapho uhlela inqubo yokushaja inani lamandla imoto efuna ukuwasebenzisa. Ziningi izinketho zokuhlinzeka lolu lwazi ku-CSMS:
Abasebenzisi bangafaka amandla aceliwe besebenzisa uhlelo lokusebenza lweselula (oluhlinzekwe i-EMSP) futhi bawuthumele ku-CSMS ye-CPO ngokuhlanganisa okusemuva kuya ekugcineni, futhi iziteshi zokushaja zingasebenzisa i-API yangokwezifiso ukuthumela le datha ngqo ku-CSMS.
(2) Ukushaja okuhlakaniphile kanye neGridi ehlakaniphile
Ukushaja kwe-Smart EV kuyingxenye yale sistimu ngoba ukushajwa kwe-EV kungathinta kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwekhaya, isakhiwo noma indawo yomphakathi. Umthamo wegridi unomkhawulo mayelana nokuthi mangakanani amandla angaphathwa endaweni ethile.
3) Xhuma futhi Shaja
Izici eziphezulu ze-ISO 15118.
i-linkpower ingaqinisekisa iziteshi zokushaja ze-ISO 15118-EV ezinezixhumi ezifanele
Umkhakha we-EV usemusha futhi usathuthuka. Izindinganiso ezintsha ziyathuthukiswa. Lokho kudala izinselelo zokuhambisana nokusebenzisana kwabakhiqizi be-EV ne-EVSE. Nokho, izinga le-ISO 15118-20 lisiza izici zokushaja ezifana nokukhokhiswa kwepulaki nokushaja, ukuxhumana okubethelwe, ukugeleza kwamandla okuqondiswa kabili, ukuphathwa komthwalo, namandla okushaja ahlukahlukene. Lezi zici zenza ukushaja kube lula, kuphephe, futhi kusebenze kahle, futhi zizonikela ekwamukelweni okukhulu kwama-EV.
Iziteshi zokushaja ze-linkpower ezintsha ziyahambisana ne-ISO 15118-20. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-linkpower inganikeza isiqondiso futhi yenze ngendlela oyifisayo iziteshi zayo zokushaja nganoma iziphi izixhumi ezitholakalayo zokushaja. Vumela i-linkpower isize ukuzulazula ezidingweni zemboni ye-EV enamandla futhi yakhe iziteshi zokushaja ezingokwezifiso zazo zonke izidingo zamakhasimende. Funda kabanzi mayelana namashaja e-EV entengiso ye-linkpower namandla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Oct-18-2024